Size  100ug
Cat code  310006
Species Cross-reactivity  H,M,Mk
Key Application  WB
Host  Rabbit
Antibody type  Polyclonal antibody
Purified method  Affinity purified
Isotype  
Molecular Weight  60kDa
Sensitivity  The antibody detects endogenous level of total Akt2 protein.
Immunogen  Peptide sequence around aa. 472~476 (Q-F-S-Y-S) derived from Human Akt2.
UniProt Number  P31751
GeneBank ID  NM_001626.4
Subcellular location  Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Note: Localizes within both nucleus and cytoplasm of proliferative primary myoblasts and mostly within the nucleus of differentiated primary myoblasts. By virtue of the N-terminal PH domain, is recruited to sites of the plasma membrane containing increased PI(3,4,5)P3 or PI(3,4)P2.
Formulation  Supplied at 1.0mg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (without Mg2+ and Ca2+), pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.
Altername  AKT 2 ;AKT 2 ;Akt2 ; AKT2_HUMAN ;HIHGHH ;Murine thymoma viral (v-akt) homolog 2 ;Oncogene AKT2 protein kinase B beta ;PKB ;PKB ;PKB beta ;PKB beta ;PKBB ;PKBBETA ;PRKBB ;PRKBB ;Protein kinase Akt 2 ;Protein kinase Akt-2 ;Protein kinase B beta ;RAC BETA ;RAC beta serine threonine protein kinase ;RAC PK beta ;Rac protein kinase beta ;Rac protein kinase beta ;RAC-BETA ;RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase ;RAC-PK-beta ;RACbeta ;V AKT Murine Thymoma Viral Oncogene Homolog 2 ;V-AKT murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 2 .
Gene_symbol  PKBB; PRKBB; HIHGHH; PKBBETA; RAC-BETA
Summary  This gene is a putative oncogene encoding a protein belonging to a subfamily of serine/threonine kinases containing SH2-like (Src homology 2-like) domains. The gene was shown to be amplified and overexpressed in 2 of 8 ovarian carcinoma cell lines and 2 of 15 primary ovarian tumors. Overexpression contributes to the malignant phenotype of a subset of human ductal pancreatic cancers. The encoded protein is a general protein kinase capable of phophorylating several known proteins. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
UniPort summary  Function  AKT2 is one of 3 closely related serine/threonine-protein kinases (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3) called the AKT kinase, and which regulate many processes including metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. This is mediated through serine and/or threonine phosphorylation of a range of downstream substrates. Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so far, but for most of them, no isoform specificity has been reported. AKT is responsible of the regulation of glucose uptake by mediating insulin-induced translocation of the SLC2A4/GLUT4 glucose transporter to the cell surface. Phosphorylation of PTPN1 at ´Ser-50´ negatively modulates its phosphatase activity preventing dephosphorylation of the insulin receptor and the attenuation of insulin signaling. Phosphorylation of TBC1D4 triggers the binding of this effector to inhibitory 14-3-3 proteins, which is required for insulin-stimulated glucose transport. AKT regulates also the storage of glucose in the form of glycogen by phosphorylating GSK3A at ´Ser-21´ and GSK3B at ´Ser-9´, resulting in inhibition of its kinase activity. Phosphorylation of GSK3 isoforms by AKT is also thought to be one mechanism by which cell proliferation is driven. AKT regulates also cell survival via the phosphorylation of MAP3K5 (apoptosis signal-related kinase). Phosphorylation of ´Ser-83´ decreases MAP3K5 kinase activity stimulated by oxidative stress and thereby prevents apoptosis. AKT mediates insulin-stimulated protein synthesis by phosphorylating TSC2 at ´Ser-939´ and ´Thr-1462´, thereby activating mTORC1 signaling and leading to both phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and in activation of RPS6KB1. AKT is involved in the phosphorylation of members of the FOXO factors (Forkhead family of transcription factors), leading to binding of 14-3-3 proteins and cytoplasmic localization. In particular, FOXO1 is phosphorylated at ´Thr-24´, ´Ser-256´ and ´Ser-319´. FOXO3 and FOXO4 are phosphorylated on equivalent sites. AKT has an important role in the regulation of NF-kappa-B-dependent gene transcription and positively regulates the activity of CREB1 (cyclic AMP (cAMP)-response element binding protein). The phosphorylation of CREB1 induces the binding of accessory proteins that are necessary for the transcription of pro-survival genes such as BCL2 and MCL1. AKT phosphorylates ´Ser-454´ on ATP citrate lyase (ACLY), thereby potentially regulating ACLY activity and fatty acid synthesis. Activates the 3B isoform of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE3B) via phosphorylation of ´Ser-273´, resulting in reduced cyclic AMP levels and inhibition of lipolysis. Phosphorylates PIKFYVE on ´Ser-318´, which results in increased PI3P-5 activity. The Rho GTPase-activating protein DLC1 is another substrate and its phosphorylation is implicated in the regulation cell proliferation and cell growth. AKT plays a role as key modulator of the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway controlling the tempo of the process of newborn neurons integration during adult neurogenesis, including correct neuron positioning, dendritic development and synapse formation. Signals downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) to mediate the effects of various growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). AKT mediates the antiapoptotic effects of IGF-I. Essential for the SPATA13-mediated regulation of cell migration and adhesion assembly and disassembly. May be involved in the regulation of the placental development. 
One of the few specific substrates of AKT2 identified recently is PITX2. Phosphorylation of PITX2 impairs its association with the CCND1 mRNA-stabilizing complex thus shortening the half-life of CCND1. AKT2 seems also to be the principal isoform responsible of the regulation of glucose uptake. Phosphorylates C2CD5 on ´Ser-197´ during insulin-stimulated adipocytes. AKT2 is also specifically involved in skeletal muscle differentiation. Down-regulation by RNA interference reduces the expression of the phosphorylated form of BAD, resulting in the induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis. Phosphorylates CLK2 on ´Thr-343´.
Application Images :  
Western blot detection of AKT2 antibody in PC12, C2C12, COS7, Jurkat, Hela cell lysates using AKT2 antibody(dilution 1:300). Predicted band size:60KDa.Observed band size:60KDa.